In his essay, Dr. Ford proposes  a provocative but potent option for Europe if it wishes to genuinely "Europeanize" its nuclear deterrence: the development of a small, swap-in/swap-out nuclear payload for the broad range of long-range precision strike missile systems that various European defense establishments are already buying in conventional form. 

In his essay, Dr. Ford discusses the structural inadequacy of France's new "dissuasion advancee" concept, details his "potentially ubiquitous modular aerial capability" (PUMA-C) proposal, and demonstrates the frailty of "entanglement"-based arguments against putting such dual-capability systems in NATO hands.  If Europe wants effective extended nuclear deterrence for the whole alliance and no longer feels it can fully trust its U.S. allies, Dr. Ford contends, this is the cheapest and fastest route to a European deterrent capability that would present well-nigh insoluble problems for any attacking Russians and help alleviate Moscow's current destabilizing overmatch in theater-class nuclear systems.

You can find Dr. Ford's article on the "WOTR" website here.